Pediatric Infectious Diseases

Measles
– Note the erythematous, maculopapular rash
– Typically begins 3d after symptoms onset; starts at hairline and spreads downwards; spares palms and soles

Scabies
– Note polymorphic characteristics (red excoriated papules/nodules, burrows), distribution in web spaces/folds
– Pruritic; often affects multiple family members

Tinea corporis
– Note the round, erythematous plaques with a central clearing and scaly border

Impetigo
– Note the honey-coloured crust

Seborrheic dermatitis
– Note the yellow, greasy macules/plaques on an erythematous base (scales)

Herpes Simplex
– Note the grouped vesicles on an erythematous base

Hand, Foot, and Mouth Disease
– Note the vesicles and pustules on an erythematous base
– Distribution: mouth, buttocks, extremities

Erythema Infectiosum (i.e. Fifth Disease / Slapped Cheek)
– Note the uniform, erythematous, maculopapular ‘lacy’ rash
– Distribution: bilateral cheeks (‘slapped cheeks’) with circumoral sparing; may affect trunk and extremities

Note the strawberry tongue. (Courtesy of Dr. M. Mian)

Note the diffuse maculopapular rash. (Courtesy of The Hospital for Sick Children Slide Library, Toronto)