Articles

Treatment approach for primary prevention of dyslipidemia

David Mikhail Family Medicine (NEW)
Screening should be repeated every 5 years for men and women aged 40-75 years using the modified FRS or Cardiovascular Life Expectancy Model (CLEM) to guide therapy to reduce major CV events. A risk assessment might also be completed whenever a patient’s expected risk status changes. 

ApoB, apolipoprotein B; ASCVD, atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease; AU, Agatston units; BAS, bile acid sequestrant; CAC, coronary artery calcium; CAD, coronary artery disease; CV, cardiovascular; FHx, family history; HDL-C, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; hsCRP, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein; HTN, hypertension; FRS, Framingham Risk Score; IFG, impaired fasting glucose; LDL-C, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; Lp(a), lipoprotein(a); mins, minutes; Rx, treatment; yrs, years

Reference: Pearson, G. J., Thanassoulis, G., Anderson, T. J., Barry, A. R., Couture, P., Dayan, N., … & Wray, W. (2021). 2021 Canadian Cardiovascular Society guidelines for the management of dyslipidemia for the prevention of cardiovascular disease in adults. Canadian journal of cardiology, 37(8), 1129-1150

https://onlinecjc.ca/article/S0828-282X(21)00165-3/fulltext#seccesectitle0001 

Frailty

David Mikhail Geriatric Medicine (NEW)
Frailty is a clinically-recognizable state of decreased reserve in older adults with increased vulnerability to acute stressors resulting from functional decline across multiple physiologic systems.

  • Functional decline includes progressive limitation in the ability to carry out basic functional activities.
  •  Frailty is associated with higher risk of in-hospital death, adverse events, length of stay, hospital readmission, and newly dependent at discharge following critical illness.