Case 3 – Vomiting

You are seeing Frank, a 27 year old homeless male, who was brought into the ER by police because he was found vomiting in a nearby alleyway. Take a history of his complaint. Then, perform a focused physical examination. History Onset of vomiting Contents/ appearance...

Case 2 – GI Bleeding

You are seeing Mr. Martin, a 58 year old male, in the ER for a one-week history of dark stools. Take a focused history of his complaint. History Onset of symptom Change in bowel habit Appearance of stool – distinguishes melena from bright red blood per rectum...

Case 1 – Acute Abdominal Pain

History Onset and duration of abdominal pain Location of pain Alleviating factors Aggravating factors Progression of pain Quality of pain Radiation of pain Severity of pain Associated nausea and vomiting Fever Changes in bowel habit Blood in stools Menstruation...

Case 4 – Syncope

You are seeing Mrs. Diaz, a 68 year old female, who is in your office because she says she has recurrent episodes of ‘fainting.’ Take a focused history of her complaint. History Syncope Onset of syncope Timing of syncope Frequency Duration of syncopal episodes...

Case 3 – Volume Status

Please assess the volume status of Mr. Kennedy, a 61 year old male, and comment on your findings. Physical Examination Vitals Assesses heart rate by palpating the radial pulse Measures blood pressure while supine Assesses orthostatic changes by measuring blood...

Case 2 – Chest Pain

You are seeing Mr. Alexander, a 55 year old male, in the ER for a one week history of worsening and debilitating chest pain. Take a focused history of his complaint. History Onset and duration of chest pain Location of pain Severity of pain Alleviating factors...

Case 1 – Shortness of Breath

You are seeing Mrs. Chan, an 81 year old female, in the ER for a one week history of progressive shortness of breath. Take a focused history of her complaint. History Onset and duration of shortness of breath Progression of shortness of breath Alleviating factors...

Tetralogy of Fallot

Note the characteristic chest x-ray finding of a boot-shaped heart. (Courtesy Dr. E. Ng)